Odyssey 5.55-75 Calypso的島上植物大觀

主題: Calypso的島上植物大觀

經過雅典娜的告發與建議，宙斯決定派出Hermes去找Calypso，要她馬上放人。Hermes的別名是Ἀργειφόντης (slayer of Argus)，這裡描述聽到命令後，Hermes穿上搭那雙奇妙的金鞋，帶著他的手杖，立即飛奔到仙女Calypso居住的島，飛行過Pieria，有如海上翻飛的鷗鳥(λάρος sea-mew, gull)。

   從Hermes的角度，我們觀賞到Calypso仙女的美髮，聽到她的歌聲，還有她優雅地織布，欣賞島上仙境，有山有水，有樹有鳥，還有各種花香鳥語。

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0135%3Abook%3D5%3Acard%3D50

Πιερίην δ᾽ ἐπιβὰς ἐξ αἰθέρος ἔμπεσε πόντῳ:

σεύατ᾽ ἔπειτ᾽ ἐπὶ κῦμα λάρῳ ὄρνιθι ἐοικώς,

ὅς τε κατὰ δεινοὺς κόλπους ἁλὸς ἀτρυγέτοιο

ἰχθῦς ἀγρώσσων πυκινὰ πτερὰ δεύεται ἅλμῃ:

τῷ ἴκελος πολέεσσιν ὀχήσατο κύμασιν Ἑρμῆς.

ἀλλ᾽ ὅτε δὴ τὴν νῆσον ἀφίκετο τηλόθ᾽ ἐοῦσαν,

ἔνθ᾽ ἐκ πόντου βὰς ἰοειδέος ἤπειρόνδε

ἤιεν, ὄφρα μέγα σπέος ἵκετο, τῷ ἔνι νύμφη

ναῖεν ἐυπλόκαμος: τὴν δ᾽ ἔνδοθι τέτμεν ἐοῦσαν.

πῦρ μὲν ἐπ᾽ ἐσχαρόφιν μέγα καίετο, τηλόσε δ᾽ ὀδμὴ

κέδρου τ᾽ εὐκεάτοιο θύου τ᾽ ἀνὰ νῆσον ὀδώδει

δαιομένων: ἡ δ᾽ ἔνδον ἀοιδιάουσ᾽ ὀπὶ καλῇ

ἱστὸν ἐποιχομένη χρυσείῃ κερκίδ᾽ ὕφαινεν.

ὕλη δὲ σπέος ἀμφὶ πεφύκει τηλεθόωσα,

κλήθρη τ᾽ αἴγειρός τε καὶ εὐώδης κυπάρισσος.

ἔνθα δέ τ᾽ ὄρνιθες τανυσίπτεροι εὐνάζοντο,

σκῶπές τ᾽ ἴρηκές τε τανύγλωσσοί τε κορῶναι

εἰνάλιαι, τῇσίν τε θαλάσσια ἔργα μέμηλεν.

ἡ δ᾽ αὐτοῦ τετάνυστο περὶ σπείους γλαφυροῖο

ἡμερὶς ἡβώωσα, τεθήλει δὲ σταφυλῇσι.

κρῆναι δ᾽ ἑξείης πίσυρες ῥέον ὕδατι λευκῷ,

πλησίαι ἀλλήλων τετραμμέναι ἄλλυδις ἄλλη.

ἀμφὶ δὲ λειμῶνες μαλακοὶ ἴου ἠδὲ σελίνου

θήλεον. ἔνθα κ᾽ ἔπειτα καὶ ἀθάνατός περ ἐπελθὼν

θηήσαιτο ἰδὼν καὶ τερφθείη φρεσὶν ᾗσιν.

ἔνθα στὰς θηεῖτο διάκτορος ἀργεϊφόντης.

(Odyssey 5. 55-75)

http://records.viu.ca/~johnstoi/homer/odyssey5.htm

With this in hand, the mighty killer of Argus

flew off—speeding high above Pieria,

then leaping from the upper sky down to the sea.    

Across the waves he raced, just like a cormorant,

which hunts for fish down in the perilous gulfs

of the restless sea, soaking his thick plumage

in the brine—that how Hermes rode the crowded waves.

But when he reached the distant island, he rose up,  

out of the violet sea, and moved on shore,

until he reached the massive cave, where Calypso,

the fair-haired nymph, had her home. He found her there,

a huge fire blazing in her hearth—from far away

the smell of split cedar and burning sandal wood 

spread across the island. With her lovely voice

Calypso sang inside the cave, as she moved

back and forth before her loom—she was weaving

with a golden shuttle. All around her cave

trees were in bloom, alder and sweet-smelling cypress,   

and poplar, too, with long-winged birds nesting there—

owls, hawks, and chattering sea crows, who spend their time

out on the water. A garden vine, fully ripe

and rich with grapes, trailed through the hollow cave.

From four fountains, close to each other in a row,  

clear water flowed in various directions,

and all around soft meadows spread out in full bloom

with violets and parsley. Even a god,

who lives forever, coming there, would be amazed

to see it, and his heart would fill with pleasure. 

除了比較籠統的說法葡萄藤蔓和草地，這段提到的植物:

κέδρος cedar-tree, Juniperus Oxycedrus 側柏

θύον thyine-wood, citron-wood, Callitris quadrivalvis 雪松

κλήθρα alder, Alnus glutinosa 赤楊

αἴγειρος black poplar, Populus nigra黑楊

κυπάρισσος cypress, Cupressus sempervirens 柏樹

ἴον violet, Viola odorata香堇菜

σέλινον celery, Apium graveolens  野芹